Non-Canonical

Not received as Scripture by the Jewish canon or by the major Christian churches, apart from local exceptions such as the Ethiopian Orthodox canon, which includes 1 Enoch and Jubilees. This is not the Apocrypha. The Apocrypha is a different collection: Catholic and Orthodox churches receive those books as deuterocanonical, and Protestant confessions say the church may read them without using them to establish doctrine. A verse of 1 Enoch such as 1 Enoch 1:9 is /non-canonical/1-enoch/1/9. The Bible on this site is the 66-book King James Version.

Books on This Shelf

1 Enoch 108 chapters

Jubilees is named in the Ethiopian Orthodox lists with 1 Enoch. This shelf does not yet print a Jubilees text.

The Book of Enoch

What 1 Enoch is, how Jude uses one sentence from it, and why that citation did not put the book in the canon.

What Is the Book of Enoch and Why Isn’t It in the Bible?
1 Enoch is a composite book written in Enoch’s name. Jude 14–15 quotes 1 Enoch 1:9. The Jewish canon and the major Christian churches did not receive the book. The Ethiopian Orthodox narrower canon does.

How the Canon Was Decided

The Jewish lists, the early church lists, and the later Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant decisions.

How Was the Bible Canon Decided?
Josephus counts twenty-two books. Athanasius, Jerome, Hippo and Carthage, Trent, Westminster, Article VI, and the Orthodox lists do not agree. Nicaea’s canons contain no book list.

Other Early Books

Gospels and other books the early church writers named and did not receive as Scripture.

The Lost Gospels: Thomas, Peter, Judas, and Mary
Irenaeus argues for four Gospels. He names a Gospel of Judas. Hippolytus and Eusebius name Thomas. Serapion stopped the Gospel of Peter. Saying 114 of Thomas speaks of making Mary male.

R. H. Charles, The Book of Enoch (London: SPCK, 1917), public domain. The verse text is the English Wikisource transcription of that translation. Charles’s editorial signs are kept. He rearranges some verses in chapters 5, 39, 90, 91, and 106, so those chapters are not a straight 1, 2, 3 sequence.