King James Version

Numbers 20:21

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border: wherefore Israel turned away from him.

Study

Hebrew

Tap a word to see its meaning. Words run left to right in English reading order.

וַיְמָאֵ֣ןvaymaenand refuseמָאֵןconjunction, verb, piel, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and refuse”, the next action in the storyH3985to refuserefuse, [idiom] utterly.אֱד֗וֹםedomEdomאֱדֹםnoun, proper name — “Edom”H123Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by himEdom, Edomites, Idumea.נְתֹן֙netongiveנָתַןverb, qal, infinitive construct — “give”, the to-form of the verbH5414to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] wi…אֶתetobject markerאֵתparticle, direct object marker — “object marker”H853properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)(as such unrepresented in English).יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyisraelIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵלnoun, proper name — “Israel”H3478Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterityIsrael.עֲבֹ֖רavoralienateעָבַרverb, qal, infinitive construct — “alienate”, the to-form of the verbH5674to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation)alienate, alter, [idiom] at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, (over-) come (on, over), conduct (over), convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail, gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way…בִּגְבֻל֑וֹbigvulvoin borderגְּבוּלpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “in border”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH1366properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosedborder, bound, coast, [idiom] great, landmark, limit, quarter, space.וַיֵּ֥טvayetand spreadנָטָהconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and spread”, the next action in the storyH5186to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application[phrase] afternoon, apply, bow (down, -ing), carry aside, decline, deliver, extend, go down, be gone, incline, intend, lay, let down, offer, outstretched, overthrown, pervert, pitch, prolong, put away, shew, spread (out), stretch (forth, o…יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵלnoun, proper name — “Israel”H3478Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterityIsrael.מֵעָלָֽיוmealayvfrom aboveעַלpreposition, preposition, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “from above”H5921above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applicationsabove, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of,…

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border; wherefore Israel turned away from him.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border: wherefore Israel turned away from him.

Young’s Literal Translation

and Edom refuseth to suffer Israel to pass over through his border, and Israel turneth aside from off him.

World English Bible

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border, so Israel turned away from him.

Darby Translation

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his territory; and Israel turned away from him.

Douay-Rheims

Neither would he condescend to their desire to grant them passage through his borders. Wherefore Israel turned another way from him.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border; wherefore Israel turned away from him.

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

So Edom refused to allow Israel to pass through his borders, and Israel turned away from him.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησεν Ἐδὼμ δοῦναι τῷ Ἰσραὴλ παρελθεῖν διὰ τῶν ὁρίων αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐξέκλινεν Ἰσραὴλ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.