King James Version

1 Samuel 20:34

So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.

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Hebrew

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וַיָּ֧קָםvayaqamand riseקוּםconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and rise”, the next action in the storyH6965to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (u…יְהוֹנָתָ֛ןyehonatanJonathan. Compare H3129יְהוֹנָתָןnoun, proper name — “Jonathan. Compare H3129”H3083Jehonathan, the name of four IsraelitesJonathan. Compare H3129 (יוֹנָתָן).מֵעִ֥םmeimfrom withעִםpreposition, preposition — “from with”H5973adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al).הַשֻּׁלְחָ֖ןhashulchanthe tableשֻׁלְחָןdefinite article, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “the table”, the ordinary formH7979a table (as spread out); by implication, a mealtable.בָּחֳרִיbachoriin fierceחֳרִיpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “in fierce”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH2750a burning (i.e. intense) angerfierce, [idiom] great, heat.אָ֑ףaffaceאַףnoun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “face”, the ordinary formH639properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ireanger(-gry), [phrase] before, countenance, face, [phrase] forebearing, forehead, [phrase] (long-) suffering, nose, nostril, snout, [idiom] worthy, wrath.וְלֹאveloand no , -r,לֹאconjunction, particle, negative — “and no , -r,”H3808not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles[idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as trul…אָכַ֞לakhaleatאָכַלverb, qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “eat”, a completed actionH398to eat (literally or figuratively)[idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [idiom] in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, [idiom] quite.בְּיוֹםbeyomin as long asיוֹםpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “in as long as”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH3117a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) lon…הַחֹ֤דֶשׁhachodeshthe monthחֹדֶשׁdefinite article, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “the month”, the ordinary formH2320the new moon; by implication, a monthmonth(-ly), new moon.הַשֵּׁנִי֙hashenithe againשֵׁנִיdefinite article, adjective, ordinal, masculine, singular, absolute — “the again”, the ordinary formH8145properly, double, i.e. second; also adverbially, againagain, either (of them), (an-) other, second (time).לֶ֔חֶםlechembreadלֶחֶםnoun, common, both genders, singular, absolute — “bread”, the ordinary formH3899food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)(shew-) bread, [idiom] eat, food, fruit, loaf, meat, victuals.כִּ֤יkiassuredכִּיconjunction — “assured”H3588(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexedand, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + til…נֶעְצַב֙netsavdispleaseעָצַבverb, niphal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “displease”, a completed actionH6087properly, to carve, i.e. fabricate or fashion; hence (in a bad sense) to worry, pain or angerdisplease, grieve, hurt, make, be sorry, vex, worship, wrest.אֶלelamongאֵלpreposition — “among”H413near, with or among; often in general, toabout, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in).דָּוִ֔דdavidDavidדָּוִדnoun, proper name — “David”H1732David, the youngest son of JesseDavid.כִּ֥יkiassuredכִּיconjunction — “assured”H3588(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexedand, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + til…הִכְלִמ֖וֹhikhlimvoblushכָּלַםverb, hiphil, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “blush”, a completed actionH3637properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insultbe (make) ashamed, blush, be confounded, be put to confusion, hurt, reproach, (do, put to) shame.אָבִֽיוavivfatherאָבnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “father”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH1father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote applicationchief, (fore-) father(-less), [idiom] patrimony, principal. Compare names in 'Abi-'.

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no food the second day of the month; for he was grieved for David, and because his father had put him to shame.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no food the second day of the month; for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.

Young’s Literal Translation

And Jonathan riseth from the table in the heat of anger, and hath not eaten food on the second day of the new moon, for he hath been grieved for David, for his father put him to shame.

World English Bible

So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and ate no food the second day of the month; for he was grieved for David, because his father had treated him shamefully.

Darby Translation

And Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and ate no meat the second day of the new moon; for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.

Douay-Rheims

So Jonathan rose from the table in great anger, and did not eat bread on the second day after the new moon. For he was grieved for David, because his father had put him to confusion.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no food the second day of the month; for he was grieved for David, and because his father had put him to shame.

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And Jonathan sprang up from the table in great anger, and did not eat bread on the second day of the month, for he grieved bitterly for David, because his father determined on mischief against him.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ ἀνεπήδησεν Ἰωνάθαν ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης ἐν ὀργῇ θυμοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔφαγεν ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ τοῦ μηνὸς ἄρτον, ὅτι ἐθρανσθη ἐπὶ τὸν Δαυὶδ, ὅτι συνετέλεσεν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ.