King James Version

Exodus 19:18

And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

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Hebrew

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וְהַ֤רveharand hillהַרconjunction, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “and hill”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH2022a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)hill (country), mount(-ain), [idiom] promotion.סִינַי֙sinaySinaiסִינַיnoun, proper name — “Sinai”H5514Sinai, mountain of ArabiaSinai.עָשַׁ֣ןashanbe angry smokeעָשַׁןverb, qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “be angry smoke”, a completed actionH6225to smoke, whether literal or figurativebe angry (be on a) smoke.כֻּלּ֔וֹkulvoallכֹּלnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “all”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH3605properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).מִ֠פְּנֵיmipnefrom a- foreפָּנִיםpreposition, noun, common, both genders, plural, construct — “from a- fore”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6440the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)[phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-…אֲשֶׁ֨רasherbecauseאֲשֶׁרparticle, relative — “because”H834who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.[idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever,…יָרַ֥דyaradbring downיָרַדverb, qal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “bring down”, a completed actionH3381to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)[idiom] abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, [idiom] indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take…עָלָ֛יוalayvaboveעַלpreposition, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “above”H5921above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applicationsabove, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of,…יְהוָ֖הyehvahJehovahיְהֹוָהnoun, proper name — “Jehovah”H3068Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodJehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה).בָּאֵ֑שׁbaeshin fireאֵשׁpreposition, with the article, noun, common, both genders, singular, absolute — “in fire”, the ordinary formH784fire (literally or figuratively)burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot.וַיַּ֤עַלvayaaland ascend upעָלָהconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and ascend up”, the next action in the storyH5927to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurativearise (up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up), bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, [phrase] shew, climb (up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart, exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make t…עֲשָׁנוֹ֙ashanvosmokeעָשָׁןnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “smoke”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6227smoke, literally or figuratively (vapor, dust, anger)smoke(-ing).כְּעֶ֣שֶׁןkeeshenas smokeעָשָׁןpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “as smoke”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6227smoke, literally or figuratively (vapor, dust, anger)smoke(-ing).הַכִּבְשָׁ֔ןhakivshanthe furnaceכִּבְשָׁןdefinite article, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “the furnace”, the ordinary formH3536a smelting furnace (as reducing metals)furnace.וַיֶּחֱרַ֥דvayecheradand discomfitחָרַדconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and discomfit”, the next action in the storyH2729to shudder with terror; hence, to fear; also to hasten (with anxiety)be (make) afraid, be careful, discomfit, fray (away), quake, tremble.כָּלkalallכֹּלnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “all”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH3605properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).הָהָ֖רhaharthe hillהַרdefinite article, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “the hill”, the ordinary formH2022a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)hill (country), mount(-ain), [idiom] promotion.מְאֹֽדmeodespeciallyמְאֹדadverb — “especially”H3966properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlative; especially when repeated)diligently, especially, exceeding(-ly), far, fast, good, great(-ly), [idiom] louder and louder, might(-ily, -y), (so) much, quickly, (so) sore, utterly, very ([phrase] much, sore), well.

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

Now mount Sinai was altogether on smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire; and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

And mount Sinai, the whole of it, smoked, because Jehovah descended upon it in fire; and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

Young’s Literal Translation

and mount Sinai [is] wholly a smoke from the presence of Jehovah, who hath come down on it in fire, and its smoke goeth up as smoke of the furnace, and the whole mount trembleth exceedingly;

World English Bible

All of Mount Sinai smoked, because Yahweh descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked greatly.

Darby Translation

And the whole of mount Sinai smoked, because Jehovah descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended as the smoke of a furnace; and the whole mountain shook greatly.

Douay-Rheims

And all mount Sinai was on a smoke: because the Lord was come down upon it in fire, and the smoke arose from it as out of a furnace: and all the mount was terrible.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

Now mount Sinai was altogether on smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire; and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

The mount of Sina was altogether on a smoke, because God had descended upon it in fire; and the smoke went up as the smoke of a furnace, and the people were exceedingly amazed.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Τὸ ὄρος τὸ Σινὰ ἐκαπνίζετο ὅλον, διὰ τὸ καταβεβηκέναι ἐπʼ αὐτὸ τὸν Θεὸν ἐν πυρί· καὶ ἀνέβαινεν ὁ καπνὸς, ὡσεὶ καπνὸς καμίνου· καὶ ἐξέστη πᾶς ὁ λαὸς σφόδρα.