King James Version

Deuteronomy 28:48

Therefore shalt thou serve thine enemies which the LORD shall send against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in want of all things: and he shall put a yoke of iron upon thy neck, until he have destroyed thee.

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Hebrew

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וְעָבַדְתָּ֣veavadtaand keep in bondageעָבַדconjunction, verb, qal, sequential perfect, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “and keep in bondage”, a completed action in a sequenceH5647to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.[idiom] be, keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, execute, [phrase] husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass, (cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become) servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er)…אֶתetobject markerאֵתparticle, direct object marker — “object marker”H853properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)(as such unrepresented in English).אֹיְבֶ֗יךָoyeveykhaenemyאֹיֵבverb, qal, participle, construct, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “enemy”, a verb used as a describing wordH341hating; an adversaryenemy, foe.אֲשֶׁ֨רasherbecauseאֲשֶׁרparticle, relative — “because”H834who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.[idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever,…יְשַׁלְּחֶ֤נּוּyeshalchenvsendשָׁלַחverb, piel, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “send”, an unfinished actionH7971to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)[idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, ou…יְהוָה֙yehvahJehovahיְהֹוָהnoun, proper name — “Jehovah”H3068Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodJehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה).בָּ֔ךְbakheinבָּ֔ךְpreposition, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, feminine, singular — “in”inבְּרָעָ֧בberaavin hungerרָעָבpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “in hunger”, the ordinary formH7458hunger (more or less extensive)dearth, famine, [phrase] famished, hunger.וּבְצָמָ֛אuvetsamaand in thirstצָמָאconjunction, preposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “and in thirst”, the ordinary formH6772thirst (literally or figuratively)thirst(-y).וּבְעֵירֹ֖םuveeyromand in nakedעֵירֹםconjunction, preposition, adjective, adjective, masculine, singular, absolute — “and in naked”, the ordinary formH5903nuditynaked(-ness).וּבְחֹ֣סֶרuvechoserand in in want ofחֹסֶרconjunction, preposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “and in in want of”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH2640povertyin want of.כֹּ֑לkolallכֹּלnoun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “all”, the ordinary formH3605properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).וְנָתַ֞ןvenatanand giveנָתַןconjunction, verb, qal, sequential perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and give”, a completed action in a sequenceH5414to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] wi…עֹ֤לolyokeעֹלnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “yoke”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH5923a yoke (as imposed on the neck), literally or figurativelyyoke.בַּרְזֶל֙barzelironבַּרְזֶלnoun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “iron”, the ordinary formH1270iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement(ax) head, iron.עַלalaboveעַלpreposition — “above”H5921above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applicationsabove, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of,…צַוָּארֶ֔ךָtsavarekhaneckצַוָּארnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “neck”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6677the back of the neck (as that on which burdens are bound)neck.עַ֥דadevenעַדpreposition — “even”H5704as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet.הִשְׁמִיד֖וֹhishmidvodestoryשָׁמַדverb, hiphil, infinitive construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “destory”, the to-form of the verbH8045to desolatedestory(-uction), bring to nought, overthrow, perish, pluck down, [idiom] utterly.אֹתָֽךְotakheobject markerאֵתparticle, direct object marker, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, feminine, singular — “object marker”H853properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)(as such unrepresented in English).

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

therefore shalt thou serve thine enemy whom the LORD shall send against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in want of all things; and he shall put a yoke of iron upon thy neck, until he have destroyed thee.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

therefore shalt thou serve thine enemies that Jehovah shall send against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in want of all things: and he shall put a yoke of iron upon thy neck, until he have destroyed thee.

Young’s Literal Translation

thou hast served thine enemies, whom Jehovah sendeth against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in lack of all things; and he hath put a yoke of iron on thy neck, till He hath destroyed thee.

World English Bible

therefore you will serve your enemies whom Yahweh sends against you, in hunger, in thirst, in nakedness, and in lack of all things. He will put an iron yoke on your neck until he has destroyed you.

Darby Translation

thou shalt serve thine enemies whom Jehovah will send against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in want of everything; and he shall put a yoke of iron upon thy neck, until he have destroyed thee.

Douay-Rheims

Thou shalt serve thy enemy, whom the Lord will send upon thee, in hunger, and thirst, and nakedness, and in want of all things: and he shall put an iron yoke upon thy neck, till he consume thee.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And thou shalt serve thine enemies, which the Lord will send forth against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in the want of all things; and thou shalt wear upon thy neck a yoke of iron until he shall have destroyed thee.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ λατρεύσεις τοῖς ἐχθροῖς σου, οὓς ἐπαποστελεῖ Κύριος ἐπὶ σέ, ἐν λιμῷ, καὶ ἐν δίψει, καὶ ἐν γυμνότητι, καὶ ἐν ἐκλείψει πάντων· καὶ ἐπιθήσῃ κλοιὸν σιδηροῦν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλόν σου, ἕως ἂν ἐξολοθρεύσῃ σε.