King James Version

2 Samuel 23:13

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.

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Hebrew

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וַיֵּרְד֨וּvayeredvand bring downיָרַדconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural — “and bring down”, the next action in the storyH3381to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)[idiom] abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, [idiom] indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take…שלשיםshlshymthirtyשְׁלוֹשִׁיםadjective, cardinal, both genders, plural, absolute — “thirty”, the ordinary formH7970thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieththirty, thirtieth. Compare H7991 (שָׁלִישׁ).שְׁלֹשָׁ֜הsheloshahthirdשָׁלוֹשׁadjective, cardinal, masculine, singular, absolute — “third”, the ordinary formH7969three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice[phrase] fork, [phrase] often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, [phrase] thrice. Compare H7991 (שָׁלִישׁ).מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣יםmehashloshimfrom the thirtyשְׁלוֹשִׁיםpreposition, definite article, adjective, cardinal, both genders, plural, absolute — “from the thirty”, the ordinary formH7970thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieththirty, thirtieth. Compare H7991 (שָׁלִישׁ).רֹ֗אשׁroshheadרֹאשׁnoun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “head”, the ordinary formH7218the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, [idiom] every (man), excellent, first, forefront, (be-)head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), [idiom] lead, [idiom] poor, principal, ruler, sum, top.וַיָּבֹ֤אוּvayavovand to comeבּוֹאconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural — “and to come”, the next action in the storyH935to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)abide, apply, attain, [idiom] be, befall, [phrase] besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, [idiom] certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, [idiom] doubtless again, [phrase] eat,…אֶלelamongאֵלpreposition — “among”H413near, with or among; often in general, toabout, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in).קָצִיר֙qatsirharvestקָצִירnoun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “harvest”, the ordinary formH7105severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)bough, branch, harvest (man).אֶלelamongאֵלpreposition — “among”H413near, with or among; often in general, toabout, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in).דָּוִ֔דdavidDavidדָּוִדnoun, proper name — “David”H1732David, the youngest son of JesseDavid.אֶלelamongאֵלpreposition — “among”H413near, with or among; often in general, toabout, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in).מְעָרַ֖תmearatcaveמְעָרָהnoun, common, feminine, singular, construct — “cave”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH4631a cavern (as dark)cave, den, hole.עֲדֻלָּ֑םadulamAdullamעֲדֻלָּםnoun, proper name — “Adullam”H5725Adullam, a place in PalestineAdullam.וְחַיַּ֣תvechayatand lifeחַיconjunction, noun, common, feminine, singular, construct — “and life”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH2416alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing), whether literally or figuratively[phrase] age, alive, appetite, (wild) beast, company, congregation, life(-time), live(-ly), living (creature, thing), maintenance, [phrase] merry, multitude, [phrase] (be) old, quick, raw, running, springing, troop.פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםpelishtimPhilistineפְּלִשְׁתִּיnoun, gentilic, masculine, plural, absolute — “Philistine”, the ordinary formH6430a Pelishtite or inhabitant of PeleshethPhilistine.חֹנָ֖הchonahencampחָנָהverb, qal, participle, absolute — “encamp”, a verb used as a describing wordH2583properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically, to pitch atent; gen. to encamp (for abode or siege)abide (in tents), camp, dwell, encamp, grow to an end, lie, pitch (tent), rest in tent.בְּעֵ֥מֶקbeemeqin valeעֵמֶקpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “in vale”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6010a vale (i.e. broad depression)dale, vale, valley (often used as a part of proper names). See also H1025 (בֵּית הָעֵמֶק).רְפָאִֽיםrefaimgiantרָפָאnoun, proper name — “giant”H7497a giantgiant, Rapha, Rephaim(-s). See also H1051 (בֵּית רָפָא).

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Young’s Literal Translation

And three of the thirty heads go down and come unto the harvest, unto David, unto the cave of Adullam, and the company of the Philistines are encamping in the valley of Rephaim,

World English Bible

Three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Darby Translation

And three of the thirty chiefs went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam, when the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Douay-Rheims

Moreover also before this the three who were princes among the thirty, went down and came to David in the harvest time into the cave of Odollam: and the camp of the Philistines was in the valley of the giants.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And three out of the thirty went down, and came to Cason to David, to the cave of Odollam; and there was an army of the Philistines, and they encamped in the valley of Raphain.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ κατέβησαν τρεῖς ἀπὸ τῶν τριάκοντα, καὶ κατέβησαν εἰς Κασὼν πρὸς Δαυὶδ, εἰς τὸ σπήλαιον Ὀδολλάμ· καὶ τάγμα τῶν ἀλλοφύλων, καὶ παρενέβαλον ἐν τῇ κοιλάδι Ῥαφαΐν.