King James Version

2 Samuel 10:18

And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew the men of seven hundred chariots of the Syrians, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.

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Hebrew

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וַיָּ֣נָסvayanasand awayנוּסconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and away”, the next action in the storyH5127to flit, i.e. vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)[idiom] abate, away, be displayed, (make to) flee (away, -ing), put to flight, [idiom] hide, lift up a standard.אֲרָם֮aramAramאֲרָםnoun, proper name — “Aram”H758Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and of an IsraeliteAram, Mesopotamia, Syria, Syrians.מִפְּנֵ֣יmipnefrom a- foreפָּנִיםpreposition, noun, common, both genders, plural, construct — “from a- fore”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6440the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)[phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-…יִשְׂרָאֵל֒yisraelIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵלnoun, proper name — “Israel”H3478Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterityIsrael.וַיַּהֲרֹ֨גvayaharogand destroyהָרַגconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and destroy”, the next action in the storyH2026to smite with deadly intentdestroy, out of hand, kill, murder(-er), put to (death), make (slaughter), slay(-er), [idiom] surely.דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidדָּוִדnoun, proper name — “David”H1732David, the youngest son of JesseDavid.מֵאֲרָ֗םmearamfrom Aramאֲרָםpreposition, noun, proper name — “from Aram”H758Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and of an IsraeliteAram, Mesopotamia, Syria, Syrians.שְׁבַ֤עshevasevenשֶׁבַעadjective, cardinal, feminine, singular, absolute — “seven”, the ordinary formH7651seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number([phrase] by) seven(-fold),-s, (-teen, -teenth), -th, times). Compare H7658 (שִׁבְעָנָה).מֵאוֹת֙meothundred , -thמֵאָהadjective, cardinal, both genders, plural, absolute — “hundred , -th”, the ordinary formH3967a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fractionhundred((-fold), -th), [phrase] sixscore.רֶ֔כֶבrekhevmillstoneרֶכֶבnoun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “millstone”, the ordinary formH7393a vehicle; by implication, a team; by extension, cavalry; by analogy a rider, i.e. the upper millstonechariot, (upper) millstone, multitude (from the margin), wagon.וְאַרְבָּעִ֥יםvearbaimand fortyאַרְבָּעִיםconjunction, adjective, cardinal, both genders, plural, absolute — “and forty”, the ordinary formH705forty-forty.אֶ֖לֶףelefthousandאֶלֶףadjective, cardinal, both genders, singular, absolute — “thousand”, the ordinary formH505hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousandthousand.פָּרָשִׁ֑יםparashimhorsemanפָּרָשׁnoun, common, masculine, plural, absolute — “horseman”, the ordinary formH6571a steed (as stretched out to a vehicle, not single nor for mounting ); also (by implication) a driver (in a chariot), i.e. (collectively) cavalryhorseman.וְאֵ֨תveetand object markerאֵתconjunction, particle, direct object marker — “and object marker”H853properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)(as such unrepresented in English).שׁוֹבַ֧ךְshovakhShobachשׁוֹבָךְnoun, proper name — “Shobach”H7731Shobak, a SyrianShobach.שַׂרsarcaptainשַׂרnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “captain”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH8269a head person (of any rank or class)captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.צְבָא֛וֹtsevavoarmyצָבָאnoun, common, both genders, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “army”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6635a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized forwar (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, hardship, worship)appointed time, ([phrase]) army, ([phrase]) battle, company, host, service, soldiers, waiting upon, war(-fare).הִכָּ֖הhikahstrikeנָכָהverb, hiphil, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “strike”, a completed actionH5221to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound.וַיָּ֥מָתvayamatand dieמוּתconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and die”, the next action in the storyH4191to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill[idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) w…שָֽׁםshamthereשָׁםadverb — “there”H8033there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thencein it, [phrase] thence, there (-in, [phrase] of, [phrase] out), [phrase] thither, [phrase] whither.

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

And the Arameans fled before Israel; and David slew of the Arameans seven hundred drivers of chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, so that he died there.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians the men of seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, so that he died there.

Young’s Literal Translation

and Aram fleeth from the presence of Israel, and David slayeth of Aram seven hundred charioteers, and forty thousand horsemen, and Shobach head of its host he hath smitten, and he dieth there.

World English Bible

The Syrians fled before Israel; and David killed seven hundred charioteers of the Syrians and forty thousand horsemen, and struck Shobach the captain of their army, so that he died there.

Darby Translation

And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians seven hundred [in] chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.

Douay-Rheims

And the Syrians fled before Israel, and David slew of the Syrians the men of seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen: and smote Sobach the captain of the army, who presently died.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

And the Arameans fled before Israel; and David slew of the Arameans seven hundred drivers of chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, so that he died there.

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And Syria fled from before Israel, and David destroyed of Syria seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and he smote Sobac the captain of his host, and he died there.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ ἔφυγε Συρία ἀπὸ πρόσωπου Ἰσραήλ· καὶ ἀνεῖλε Δαυὶδ ἐκ τῆς Συρίας ἑπτακόσια ἅρματα, καὶ τεσσαράκοντα χιλιάδας ἱππέων, καὶ τὸν Σωβὰκ τὸν ἄρχοντα τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ ἐπάταξε, καὶ ἀπέθανεν ἐκεῖ.