King James Version

1 Samuel 27:8

And David and his men went up, and invaded the Geshurites, and the Gezrites, and the Amalekites: for those nations were of old the inhabitants of the land, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt.

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Hebrew

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וַיַּ֤עַלvayaaland ascend upעָלָהconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and ascend up”, the next action in the storyH5927to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurativearise (up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up), bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, [phrase] shew, climb (up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart, exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make t…דָּוִד֙davidDavidדָּוִדnoun, proper name — “David”H1732David, the youngest son of JesseDavid.וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יוvaanashayvand a certainאִישׁconjunction, noun, common, masculine, plural, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and a certain”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH376a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phra…וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֛וּvayifshetvand flayפָּשַׁטconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural — “and flay”, the next action in the storyH6584to spread out (i.e. deploy in hostile array); by analogy, to strip (i.e. unclothe, plunder, flay, etc.)fall upon, flay, invade, make an invasion, pull off, put off, make a road, run upon, rush, set, spoil, spread selves (abroad), strip (off, self).אֶלelamongאֵלpreposition — “among”H413near, with or among; often in general, toabout, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in).הַגְּשׁוּרִ֥יhagshurithe Geshuriגְּשׁוּרִיdefinite article, noun, gentilic, masculine, singular, absolute — “the Geshuri”, the ordinary formH1651a Geshurite (also collectively) or inhabitants of GeshurGeshuri, Geshurites.והגרזיvhgrzyand the Gezritesגִּזְרִיconjunction, definite article, noun, gentilic, masculine, singular, absolute — “and the Gezrites”, the ordinary formH1511a Grizite (collectively) or member of a native tribe in PalestineGezrites.וְהַגִּזְרִ֖יvehagizriand the Gezritesגִּזְרִיconjunction, definite article, noun, gentilic, masculine, singular, absolute — “and the Gezrites”, the ordinary formH1511a Grizite (collectively) or member of a native tribe in PalestineGezrites.וְהָעֲמָלֵקִ֑יvehaamaleqiand the Amalekiteעֲמָלֵקִיconjunction, definite article, noun, gentilic, masculine, singular, absolute — “and the Amalekite”, the ordinary formH6003an Amalekite (or collectively the Amalekites) or descendants of AmalekAmalekite(-s).כִּ֣יkiassuredכִּיconjunction — “assured”H3588(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexedand, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + til…הֵ֜נָּהhenahtheirהֵנָּהpronoun, personal, 3rd person, feminine, plural — “their”H2007themselves (often used emphatic for the copula, also in indirect relation)[idiom] in, [idiom] such (and such things), their, (into) them, thence, therein, these, they (had), on this side, whose, wherein.יֹשְׁב֤וֹתyoshevotdwellיָשַׁבverb, qal, participle, absolute — “dwell”, a verb used as a describing wordH3427properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry(make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, r…הָאָ֨רֶץ֙haaretsthe earthאֶרֶץdefinite article, noun, common, both genders, singular, absolute — “the earth”, the ordinary formH776the earth (at large, or partitively a land)[idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world.אֲשֶׁ֣רasherbecauseאֲשֶׁרparticle, relative — “because”H834who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.[idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever,…מֵֽעוֹלָ֔םmeolamfrom alwayעוֹלָםpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “from alway”, the ordinary formH5769properly, concealed, i.e. the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e. (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial (especially with prepositional prefix) alwaysalway(-s), ancient (time), any more, continuance, eternal, (for, (n-)) ever(-lasting, -more, of old), lasting, long (time), (of) old (time), perpetual, at any time, (beginning of the) world ([phrase] without end). Compare H5331 (נֶצַח), H5…בּוֹאֲךָ֥boakhato comeבּוֹאverb, qal, infinitive construct, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “to come”, the to-form of the verbH935to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)abide, apply, attain, [idiom] be, befall, [phrase] besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, [idiom] certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, [idiom] doubtless again, [phrase] eat,…שׁ֖וּרָהshurahShurשׁוּרnoun, proper name, directional ending — “Shur”H7793Shur, a region of the DesertShur.וְעַדveadand evenעַדconjunction, preposition — “and even”H5704as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet.אֶ֥רֶץeretsearthאֶרֶץnoun, common, both genders, singular, construct — “earth”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH776the earth (at large, or partitively a land)[idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world.מִצְרָֽיִםmitsrayimEgyptמִצְרַיִםnoun, proper name — “Egypt”H4714Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower EgyptEgypt, Egyptians, Mizraim.

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

And David and his men went up, and made a raid upon the Geshurites, and the Gizrites, and the Amalekites; for those were the inhabitants of the land, who were of old, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

And David and his men went up, and made a raid upon the Geshurites, and the Girzites, and the Amalekites; for those nations were the inhabitants of the land, who were of old, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt.

Young’s Literal Translation

and David goeth up and his men, and they push unto the Geshurite, and the Gerizite, and the Amalekite, (for they are inhabitants of the land from of old), as thou comest in to Shur and unto the land of Egypt,

World English Bible

David and his men went up and raided the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites; for those were the inhabitants of the land who were of old, on the way to Shur, even to the land of Egypt.

Darby Translation

And David and his men went up and made a raid upon the Geshurites, and the Gerzites, and the Amalekites: for those were of old the inhabitants of the land, as thou goest to Shur, and as far as the land of Egypt.

Douay-Rheims

And David and his men went up, and pillaged Gessuri, and Gerzi, and the Amalecites: for these were of old the inhabitants of the countries, as men go to Sur, even to the land of Egypt.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And David and his men went up, and made an attack on all the Gesirites and on the Amalekites: and behold, the land was inhabited, (even the land from Gelampsur) by those who come from the fortified cities even to the land of Egypt.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ ἀνέβαινε Δαυὶδ καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐπετίθεντο ἐπὶ πάντα τὸν Γεσιρὶ καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀμαληκίτην· καὶ ἰδοὺ ἡ γῆ κατῳκεῖτο ἀπὸ ἀνηκόντων ἡ ἀπὸ Γελαμψοὺρ τετειχισμένων καὶ ἕως γῆς Αἰγύπτου.