King James Version

1 Samuel 20:30

Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother’s nakedness?

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Hebrew

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וַיִּֽחַרvayicharand burnחָרָהconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and burn”, the next action in the storyH2734to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousybe angry, burn, be displeased, [idiom] earnestly, fret self, grieve, be (wax) hot, be incensed, kindle, [idiom] very, be wroth. See H8474 (תַּחָרָה).אַ֤ףaffaceאַףparticle, affirmation — “face”H639properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ireanger(-gry), [phrase] before, countenance, face, [phrase] forebearing, forehead, [phrase] (long-) suffering, nose, nostril, snout, [idiom] worthy, wrath.שָׁאוּל֙shaulShaulשָׁאוּלnoun, proper name — “Shaul”H7586Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two IsraelitesSaul, Shaul.בִּיה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןbihonatanin Jonathan. Compare H3129יְהוֹנָתָןpreposition, noun, proper name — “in Jonathan. Compare H3129”H3083Jehonathan, the name of four IsraelitesJonathan. Compare H3129 (יוֹנָתָן).וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvayomerand sayאָמַרconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and say”, the next action in the storyH559to say (used with great latitude)answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [id…ל֔וֹlvotoל֔וֹpreposition, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “to”toבֶּֽןbensonבֵּןnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “son”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH1121a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)[phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, […נַעֲוַ֖תnaavatmake crookedעָוָהverb, niphal, participle, construct — “make crooked”, a verb used as a describing wordH5753to crook, literally or figurativelydo amiss, bow down, make crooked, commit iniquity, pervert, (do) perverse(-ly), trouble, [idiom] turn, do wickedly, do wrong.הַמַּרְדּ֑וּתhamardutthe rebelliousnessמַרְדּוּתdefinite article, noun, common, feminine, singular, absolute — “the rebelliousness”, the ordinary formH4780rebelliousness[idiom] rebellious.הֲל֣וֹאhalono , -r,לֹאparticle, interrogative, particle, negative — “no , -r,”H3808not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles[idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as trul…יָדַ֗עְתִּיyadatiknowיָדַעverb, qal, perfect, 1st person, common, singular — “know”, a completed actionH3045to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware, (un-) awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, [idiom] could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to) discern, discover, endued with…כִּֽיkiassuredכִּיconjunction — “assured”H3588(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexedand, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + til…בֹחֵ֤רvocheracceptableבָּחַרverb, qal, participle, absolute — “acceptable”, a verb used as a describing wordH977properly, to try, i.e. (by implication) selectacceptable, appoint, choose (choice), excellent, join, be rather, require.אַתָּה֙atahtheeאַתָּהpronoun, personal, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “thee”H859thou and thee, or (plural) ye and youthee, thou, ye, you.לְבֶןlevento sonבֵּןpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “to son”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH1121a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)[phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, […יִשַׁ֔יyishayJesseיִשַׁיnoun, proper name — “Jesse”H3448Jishai, David's fatherJesse.לְבָ֨שְׁתְּךָ֔levashetekhato shameבֹּשֶׁתpreposition, noun, common, feminine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “to shame”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH1322shame (the feeling and the condition, as well as its cause); by implication (specifically) an idolashamed, confusion, [phrase] greatly, (put to) shame(-ful thing).וּלְבֹ֖שֶׁתulevoshetand to shameבֹּשֶׁתconjunction, preposition, noun, common, feminine, singular, construct — “and to shame”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH1322shame (the feeling and the condition, as well as its cause); by implication (specifically) an idolashamed, confusion, [phrase] greatly, (put to) shame(-ful thing).עֶרְוַ֥תervatnakednessעֶרְוָהnoun, common, feminine, singular, construct — “nakedness”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6172nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)nakedness, shame, unclean(-ness).אִמֶּֽךָimekhamotherאֵםnoun, common, feminine, singular, construct, suffix, pronominal, 2nd person, masculine, singular — “mother”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH517a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively (like father))dam, mother, [idiom] parting.

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him: 'Thou son of perverse rebellion, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of a perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother’s nakedness?

Young’s Literal Translation

And the anger of Saul burneth against Jonathan, and he saith to him, 'Son of a perverse rebellious woman! have I not known that thou art fixing on the son of Jesse to thy shame, and to the shame of the nakedness of thy mother?

World English Bible

Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse rebellious woman, don’t I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness?

Darby Translation

And Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, Son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame and to the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

Douay-Rheims

Then Saul being angry against Jonathan said to him: Thou son of a woman that is the ravisher of a man, do I not know that thou lovest the son of Isai to thy own confusion and to the confusion of thy shameless mother?

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And Saul was exceedingly angry with Jonathan, and said to him, Thou son of traitorous damsels! for do I not know that thou art an accomplice with the son of Jessæ to thy shame, and to the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ ἐθυμώθη ὀργῇ Σαοὺλ ἐπὶ Ἰωνάθαν σφόδρα, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, υἱὲ κορασίων αὐτομολούντων, οὐ γὰρ οἶδα ὅτι μέτοχος εἶ σὺ τῷ υἱῷ Ἰεσσαὶ εἰς αἰσχύνην σου, καὶ εἰς αἰσχύνην ἀποκαλύψεως μητρός σου;