King James Version

1 Chronicles 19:16

And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river: and Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

Study

Hebrew

Tap a word to see its meaning. Words run left to right in English reading order.

וַיַּ֣רְאvayarand seeרָאָהconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular — “and see”, the next action in the storyH7200to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)advise self, appear, approve, behold, [idiom] certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have experience, gaze, take heed, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] joyfully, lo, look (on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up, upon), m…אֲרָ֗םaramAramאֲרָםnoun, proper name — “Aram”H758Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and of an IsraeliteAram, Mesopotamia, Syria, Syrians.כִּ֣יkiassuredכִּיconjunction — “assured”H3588(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexedand, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + til…נִגְּפוּ֮nigfvbeatנָגַףverb, niphal, perfect, 3rd person, common, plural — “beat”, a completed actionH5062to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe), inflict (a disease)beat, dash, hurt, plague, slay, smite (down), strike, stumble, [idiom] surely, put to the worse.לִפְנֵ֣יlifneto a- foreפָּנִיםpreposition, noun, common, both genders, plural, construct — “to a- fore”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6440the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)[phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-…יִשְׂרָאֵל֒yisraelIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵלnoun, proper name — “Israel”H3478Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterityIsrael.וַֽיִּשְׁלְחוּ֙vayishlechvand sendשָׁלַחconjunction, verb, qal, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural — “and send”, the next action in the storyH7971to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)[idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, ou…מַלְאָכִ֔יםmalakhimangelמֲלְאָךְnoun, common, masculine, plural, absolute — “angel”, the ordinary formH4397a messenger; specifically, of God, i.e. an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)ambassador, angel, king, messenger.וַיּוֹצִ֣יאוּvayotsivand bring forthיָצָאconjunction, verb, hiphil, sequential imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural — “and bring forth”, the next action in the storyH3318to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.[idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail…אֶתetobject markerאֵתparticle, direct object marker — “object marker”H853properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)(as such unrepresented in English).אֲרָ֔םaramAramאֲרָםnoun, proper name — “Aram”H758Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and of an IsraeliteAram, Mesopotamia, Syria, Syrians.אֲשֶׁ֖רasherbecauseאֲשֶׁרparticle, relative — “because”H834who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.[idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever,…מֵעֵ֣בֶרmeeverfrom sideעֵבֶרpreposition, noun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “from side”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH5676properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)[idiom] against, beyond, by, [idiom] from, over, passage, quarter, (other, this) side, straight.הַנָּהָ֑רhanaharthe floodנָהָרdefinite article, noun, common, masculine, singular, absolute — “the flood”, the ordinary formH5104a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperityflood, river.וְשׁוֹפַ֛ךְveshofakhand Shophachשׁוֹפָךְconjunction, noun, proper name — “and Shophach”H7780Shophak, a SyrianShophach.שַׂרsarcaptainשַׂרnoun, common, masculine, singular, construct — “captain”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH8269a head person (of any rank or class)captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.צְבָ֥אtsevaarmyצָבָאnoun, common, both genders, singular, construct — “army”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6635a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized forwar (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, hardship, worship)appointed time, ([phrase]) army, ([phrase]) battle, company, host, service, soldiers, waiting upon, war(-fare).הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶרhadadezerHadadezer. Compare H1928הֲדַדְעֶזֶרnoun, proper name — “Hadadezer. Compare H1928”H1909Hadadezer, a Syrian kingHadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר).לִפְנֵיהֶֽםlifneyhemto a- foreפָּנִיםpreposition, noun, common, both genders, plural, construct, suffix, pronominal, 3rd person, masculine, plural — “to a- fore”, the of-form, joined to the next wordH6440the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)[phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-…

Jewish translation (JPS 1917)

And when the Arameans saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and brought out the Arameans that were beyond the River, with Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer at their head.

Compare Public-Domain Translations

The King James Version remains the text of this page and the canonical URL.

American Standard Version (1901)

And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the River, with Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer at their head.

Young’s Literal Translation

And Aram seeth that they have been smitten before Israel, and send messengers, and bring out Aram that [is] beyond the River, and Shophach head of the host of Hadarezer [is] before them.

World English Bible

When the Syrians saw that they were defeated by Israel, they sent messengers and called out the Syrians who were beyond the River, with Shophach the captain of the army of Hadadezer leading them.

Darby Translation

And when the Syrians saw that they were routed before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river; and Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer [went] before them.

Douay-Rheims

But the Syrians seeing that they had fallen before Israel, sent messengers, and brought to them the Syrians that were beyond the river: and Sophach, general of the army of Adarezer, was their leader.

Jewish Publication Society (1917)

Brenton’s Septuagint (1851), English

And the Syrian saw that Israel had defeated him, and he sent messengers, and they brought out the Syrians from beyond the river; and Sophath the commander-in-chief of the forces of Adraazar was before them.

Septuagint (Brenton’s Greek, 1851)

Καὶ εἶδεν Σύρος ὅτι ἐτροπώσατο αὐτὸν Ἰσραήλ, καὶ ἀπέστειλαν ἀγγέλους· καὶ ἐξήγαγον τὸν Σύρον ἐκ τοῦ πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ, καὶ Σωφὰρ ἀρχιστράτηγος δυνάμεως Ἁδραάζαρ ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν.